Product safety is a primary end-goal in commercial vehicle design, and there are numerous aspects to consider in multi-stage manufacturing.
Fleet management professionals have specific obligations to provide safe vehicles. Per National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), requirements include providing vehicles that will operate within their weight rating to avoid overload, and ensuring that no required safety device has been rendered inoperative.
It's important to note that the definition of overloading encompasses various aspects of a vehicle's design. Overloading and weight go beyond the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) or the Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR). If the load on any individual load-carrying component of the vehicle (e.g., axles, springs, tires, etc.) exceeds that component’s rating, the vehicle is overloaded. When calculating these component loads, be sure to take any potential trailer tongue loadings into account.
If a vehicle is manufactured in multiple stages, the upfitting process can be significantly impacted by mandated vehicle safety systems and components. Upfitters receive documentation from vehicle OEMs, such as incomplete vehicle documents and body builder books, offering guidance in this regard. Although the primary responsibility for compliance lies with the upfitter or vehicle modifier, it's crucial to be mindful of general requirements and refrain from intentionally designing or asking for a vehicle to be designed that would breach compliance standards.
If uncertainty arises about compliance issues, consider collaborating with a reputable upfitter to address and resolve potential concerns.
Environmental mindfulness
Spec writers and designers need to be aware of the environments and situations in which the commercial vehicles they design will operate. For example, in the case of service body vehicles, it may be prudent to spec storage of heavy tools closer to the ground. Vehicles operating in urban environments should have considerations for curbside access rather than street side.
It's crucial to comprehend how your end users truly utilize their vehicles, rather than relying solely on their descriptions. Make diligent efforts to prevent potential issues by conducting field observations, engaging in conversations with end users, and thoroughly exploring design options before finalizing your truck design. These proactive measures will ultimately yield benefits in terms of enhanced fleet safety and reduced maintenance costs over the long term.
Understanding certification – More than the sticker
Legal requirements mandate certification to assure purchasers of the safety, reliability, and durability of their vehicles, thereby minimizing fleet risks. The final stage manufacturer bears the technical and legal responsibility for certifying a completed vehicle before its initial retail sale. It's crucial to understand that certification obligations conclude after the first retail sale. However, modifications made by end users, whether intentional or unintentional, must not lead to a breach of compliance.
